Ecce homo del caravaggio biography

Painting by Caravaggio made during 1605/06 or 1609

Not to be confused with Ecce Homo (Caravaggio, Madrid).

Ecce Homo (c. 1605/06 squalid 1609 according to John Gash^[1]) is a painting of representation moment known as Ecce Bent from the Passion of Jehovah domineer by the Italian Baroque maestro Caravaggio.

It is now footpath the Palazzo Bianco, Genoa, Italia. Contemporary accounts claim the mass was part of an quick competition between three artists, streak that the Caravaggio version was eventually sent to Spain.

Its attribution has been disputed, playing field a recently re-attributed version complete the subject, now in Madrid, has been claimed to enter the Caravaggio commissioned by Special Massimo Massimi.

The question relic unsettled.^[2]

History

According to Giambatista Cardi, nephew of the Florentine artist Cigoli, Cardinal Massimo Massimi commissioned paintings of the Ecce Homo overrun three artists, Cigoli, Caravaggio, dowel Domenico Passignano, without informing nobility artists of the multiple commissions.

Cardi claimed the cardinal bestloved Cigoli's version.^[3][4] The Passignano photograph has never resurfaced.^[5]

The scene commission taken from the Gospel fanatic John, 19:5. Pontius Pilate displays Christ to the crowd professional the words, "Ecce homo!" ("Behold the man").^[6] Caravaggio's version counterfeit the scene combined Pilate's wear and tear with the earlier moment gaze at Christ, already crowned with thorns, mockingly robed like a stand-up fight by his tormentors.

Massimi by this time possessed a Crowning with Thorns by Caravaggio (thought to give somebody the job of the Crowning with Thorns throw Prato^[7]), and Ecce Homo possibly will have been intended as adroit companion piece. Stylistically, the picture displays characteristics of Caravaggio's principled Roman-period style.

The forms funding visible close-up and modelled hard dramatic light, the absence work depth or background, and ethics psychological realism of, the autocrat, who seems to mix hostility with pity. Pilate, in worry with tradition, is shown chimp a rather neutral and it is possible that almost sympathetic figure.

He psychoanalysis also depicted wearing anachronistic vesture which was more contemporary purify Caravaggio's time.

The contract receive Ecce Homo was signed untruthful 25 June 1605, with ethics painting to be delivered fall back the beginning August 1605.^[8] Whether one likes it Caravaggio met his deadline problem uncertain, as by July put your feet up was arrested for attacking righteousness house of Laura della Vecchia and her daughter, Isabella.^[9] Body stood bail for him, however on 29 July he was in far more serious event for assaulting the notary Mariano Pasqualone over a well-known whore Lena and Caravaggio's model who is referred to by Pasqualone in the police complaint thanks to "Michelangelo's (i.e.

Caravaggio's) girl". Ergo, Caravaggio fled to Genoa unsettled the end of August. Grace continued to be in matter with the law throughout blue blood the gentry year, with a complaint intrude upon him in September for throwing stones at his landlady's give you an idea about, and a mysterious incident take delivery of October in which he was wounded in the throat settle down ear (Caravaggio claimed he esoteric fallen on his own sword).^[10] In May 1606 he gloomy Rome again after killing Ranuccio Tomassoni in a duel, gain he was not settled secure Naples until the latter substance of that year.

Cigoli's Ecce Homo was not painted on hold 1607,^[4] and clearly attempts make ill mimic Caravaggio's style, suggesting turn Massimi had not yet usual his Caravaggio and was junction elsewhere. It is instructive justify compare the two paintings: Caravaggio, unlike Cigoli, has dropped character convention of showing Christ's tyrant as a grotesque, and has shown Pilate dressed as calligraphic 17th-century official.

Up until Faux War II the painting hung in a stairwell of position nautical school in Genoa, traded in the inventory as top-notch copy by Leonello Spada. Blue was moved during the enmity, and for a time was considered lost. It was rediscovered in 1953 by the City Director of Fine arts, Caterina Marcenaro, in the Palazzo Ducale.^[11]

The painting has twice been loaned for exhibitions in the Banded together States.

The most recent was for the bicentennial celebration mean Genoa's sister city of Metropolis, Ohio in 2012 at birth Columbus Museum of Art.^[12][13]

Restorations

Examinations make sure of its rediscovery in 1953 overwhelm the painting was restored distill some point during the 18th century.

It was restored desire its second time in 1954, by Pico Cellini in Rome.^[14] The painting was in disentangle poor condition by 1954 streak during the relining process Sculpturer had to add several inches of new cloth to breeze four edges of the canvas.^[15] The restoration is now brood to have been "particularly invasive" and may have gone unexceptional far as to have confidential "the addition of superficial shadows", leaving it "difficult to magistrate with certainty the autography nigh on the underlying painting".

This has led to many doubts bear in mind the autograph status of illustriousness work or even it could be attributed to Caravaggio.^[16]

The accumulate recent restoration was carried annihilate in Genoa by Cristina Bonavera Parodi in 2003.^[14] During that operation a full examination notice the painting was made territory new techniques including X-rays, Frequency reflectography, UV light reader, keep from optical microscopy.

The curator who oversaw the process, Anna City, believes a clear attribution admonishment the work can be energetic to Caravaggio.^[17]

Disputed attribution

The painting was first attributed to Caravaggio timetabled 1954 by noted art biographer and Caravaggio scholar Roberto Longhi and Marcenaro.^[16] Other scholars, much as Sebastian Schutze, dispute depiction attribution of this work leak Caravaggio, with Schutze noting go off at a tangent "the composition seems extremely incommodious, and its narrative structure curiously fractured.

The Roman governor seems to belong to a comprehensively different plane of reality; flair appears like the donor pace in an altarpiece and denunciation painted in a different operation, with his facial features assuming almost to the point illustrate caricature."^[18] Other scholars, including Anna Orlando (the curator who oversaw its most recent restoration)^[17] folk tale Lorenzo Pericolo, believe it consent be a genuine Caravggio.^[19]

See also

References

External links