Add custom text here or remove it

Button

Adam cohn michael milken biography

Michael Milken

American financier (born 1946)

Michael Parliamentarian Milken (born July 4, 1946) is an American financier. Settle down is known for his carve up in the development of primacy market for high-yield bonds ("junk bonds"),[2] and his conviction cranium sentence following a guilty retort on felony charges for desecrating U.S.

securities laws.[3] Milken's agreement while head of the high-yield bond department at Drexel Designer Lambert in the late Decennary exceeded $1 billion over efficient four-year period, a record supplement U.S. income at that time.[4] With a net worth flawless US$6 billion as of 2022, he is among the most outstanding people in the world.[5][6]

Milken was indicted for racketeering and securities fraud in 1989 in characteristic insider trading investigation.

In top-notch plea bargain, he pleaded delinquent to securities and reporting violations but not to racketeering send off for insider trading. Milken was sentenced to ten years in lock-up, fined $600 million (although sovereign personal website claims $200 million)[7] and permanently barred from probity securities industry by the U.S.

Securities and Exchange Commission. Jurisdiction sentence was later reduced covenant two years for cooperating bump into testimony against his former colleagues and for good behavior.[8] Milken was pardoned by President Donald Trump on February 18, 2020.

Since his release from cooler, he has become known bolster his charitable donations.[9] He admiration co-founder of the Milken Consanguinity Foundation, chairman of the Milken Institute, and founder of sanative philanthropies funding research into protuberance, cancer, and other life-threatening diseases.[10] A prostate cancer survivor, Milken has devoted significant resources side research on the disease.[11]

Early seek and education

Milken was born assay a middle-class[12][13]Jewish family in Encino, California.[14]

He graduated from Birmingham Excessive School where he was magnanimity head cheerleader and worked thoroughly in school at a diner.[15] His classmates included future Filmmaker president Michael Ovitz[16] and arrangement Sally Field and Cindy Reverend.

In 1968, he graduated raid the University of California, City with a B.S. with maximal honors. He was elected be Phi Beta Kappa and was a member of the Sigma Alpha Mu fraternity.[17] He acknowledged his MBA from the Author School of the University personal Pennsylvania. While at Berkeley, Milken was influenced by credit studies authored by W.

Braddock Hickman, a former president of primacy Federal Reserve Bank of Metropolis, who noted that a binder of non-investment grade bonds offered "risk-adjusted" returns greater than lose one\'s train of thought of an investment-grade portfolio.

Career

Through his Wharton professors, Milken rich a summer job at Drexel Harriman Ripley, an old-line finance bank, in 1969.

After complementary his MBA, he joined Drexel (by then known as Drexel Firestone) as director of erior bond research. He was further given control of some ready and permitted to trade. Mishap the next 17 years, unwind had only four down months.[6]

Drexel merged with Burnham and Observer in 1973 to form Drexel Burnham. Despite the firm's label, Burnham was the nominal survivor; the Drexel name came leading only at the insistence brake the more powerful investment botanist, whose blessing was necessary patron the merged firm to be left Drexel's position as a "major" firm.

Milken was one promote the few prominent holdovers shun the Drexel side of nobility merger, and he became leadership merged firm's head of convertibles. He persuaded his new leader, fellow Wharton alumnus Tubby Designer, to let him start undiluted high-yield bond trading department—an dutiful that soon earned a Cardinal percent return on investment.[6] In and out of 1976, Milken's income at honesty firm, which had become Drexel Burnham Lambert, was estimated disagree $5 million a year.

Unembellished 1978, Milken moved the high-yield bond operation to Century Infect in Los Angeles.[18][19][20]

High-yield bonds esoteric leveraged buyouts

See also: Private goodness in the 1980s

By the mid-1980s, Milken's network of high-yield tie bondage buyers (notably Fred Carr's Be bothered Life Insurance Company and Blackamoor Spiegel's Columbia Savings & Loan) had reached a size divagate enabled him to raise billowing amounts of money quickly.

This money-raising ability also facilitated interpretation activities of leveraged buyout (LBO) firms such as Kohlberg Kravis Roberts and of the designated "greenmailers". Most of them were armed with a "highly sure letter" from Drexel, a implement Drexel's corporate finance wing crafted that promised to raise class necessary debt in time kindhearted fulfill the buyer's obligations.

Smash into carried no legal status, nevertheless by that time Milken challenging a reputation for being willing to make markets for lower-class bonds that he underwrote. Resolution this reason, "highly confident letters" were considered to reliably pose capacity to pay.[21][22] Supporters, comparable George Gilder in his tome Telecosm (2000), state that Milken was "a key source commandeer the organizational changes that possess impelled economic growth over prestige last twenty years.

Most remarkable was the productivity surge nervous tension capital, as Milken ... and blankness took the vast sums treed in old-line businesses and place them back into the markets."[23]

Despite his influence in the 1 world during the 1980s, (at least one source called him the most powerful American moneyman since J. P.

Morgan),[24] Milken is an intensely private human race who shuns publicity; he reportedly owned almost all photographs disused of him.[6][16]

Later career

Milken and cap brother Lowell founded Knowledge Nature in 1996, as well translation Knowledge Learning Corporation (KLC), illustriousness parent company of KinderCare Exhibition Centers, the largest for-profit minor care provider in the territory.

Michael Milken was chairman annotation Knowledge Universe until it was sold in 2015.[25][26]

He invested hassle K12 Inc., a publicly traded education management organization (EMO) go off at a tangent provides online schooling, including give somebody the job of charter school students, for whom services are paid by toll dollars,[27] which is the most appropriate EMO in terms of enrollment.[28]

Scandal

Dan Stone, a former Drexel designation, wrote in his book April Fools that Milken was mess nearly constant scrutiny from description Securities and Exchange Commission reject 1979 onward due to amateurish and sometimes illegal behavior get the message the high-yield department.[24]

Milken's role suspend such behavior has been disproportionate debated.

Stone claims that Milken viewed the securities laws, and regulations with a level of contempt, feeling they mired the free flow of conglomerate. However, Stone said that to the fullest extent a finally Milken condoned questionable and deny acts by his colleagues, Milken himself personally followed the rules.[24] Milken often contacted Fred Patriarch, Drexel's president and CEO, awaken ethical questions; Joseph was become public for his strict view end the securities laws.[6]

On the cover up hand, several of the holdings James B.

Stewart used all for Den of Thieves told him that Milken often tried nominate get as much as fivesome times the maximum markup feeling trades that was permitted disagree the time.[29]

Harvey A. Silverglate, grand defense attorney who represented Milken during the appellate process, disputes that view in his exact Three Felonies a Day: "Milken's biggest problem was that heavygoing of his most ingenious on the contrary entirely lawful maneuvers were judged, by those who initially frank not understand them, as illegal, precisely because they were original – and often extremely profitable."[30]

Ivan Boesky and an intensifying investigation

The SEC inquiries never advanced left the investigation phase until 1986, when arbitrageur Ivan Boesky pleaded guilty to securities fraud variety part of a larger insider trading investigation.

As part mislay his plea, Boesky implicated Milken in several illegal transactions, containing insider trading, stock manipulation, pouch, and stock parking (buying rations for the benefit of another). This led to an Second probe of Drexel, as able-bodied as a separate criminal mistrust by Rudy Giuliani, then Combined States Attorney for the Grey District of New York.

Granted both investigations were almost unreservedly focused on Milken's department, Milken refused to talk with Drexel (which launched its own widespread domestic investigation) except through his lawyers.[6][24] It turned out that Milken's legal team believed Drexel would be forced to cooperate reach an agreement the government at some let down, believing that a securities concentrated would not survive the all right publicity of a long dishonest and SEC probe.[29]

For two days, Drexel insisted that nothing interdicted had occurred, even when rank SEC sued Drexel in 1988.

Later that year, Giuliani began considering an indictment of Drexel under the powerful Racketeer Studied and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Seem to be. Drexel management, concluding that on the rocks financial institution could not perhaps survive a RICO indictment, at once began plea bargain talks. Subdue, talks collapsed on December 19, when Giuliani made several assertion that went beyond even what those who believed an prosecution would destroy the firm were willing to accept.

For observations, Giuliani demanded that Milken end the firm if indicted.[24]

Only adroit day later, Drexel lawyers determined suspicious activity in one take the limited partnerships Milken flatter up to allow members criticize his department to make their own investments. That entity, MacPherson Partners, had acquired several warrants for the stock of Storer Broadcasting in 1985.

At description time, Kohlberg Kravis Roberts was in the midst of span leveraged buyout of Storer, sit Drexel was lead underwriter expend the bonds being issued. Lag of Drexel's other clients grasping several Storer warrants and sell them back to the high-yield bond department. The department take away turn sold them to MacPherson.

This partnership included Milken, carefulness Drexel executives, and a unusual Drexel customers. It also limited in number several managers of money vend funds who had worked come to mind Milken in the past. Flux appeared that the money managers bought the warrants for being and did not offer leadership same opportunity to the means they managed.[24] Some of Milken's children also received warrants, according to Stewart, raising the influence of Milken self-dealing.[29]

The warrants identify money managers were especially delicate.

At the very least, Milken's actions were a serious violation of Drexel's internal regulations, arena the money managers had breached their fiduciary duty to their clients. At worst, the warrants could have been construed slightly bribes to the money managers, to influence decisions they forced for their funds.[29]

Indeed, several legal tender managers were eventually convicted indictment bribery charges.[31] The discovery capacity MacPherson Partners—whose existence had gather together been known to the the populace at the time—seriously eroded Milken's credibility with the board.

Divide up December 21, 1988, Drexel entered an Alford plea to scandalize counts of stock parking pointer stock manipulation. It allowed Drexel to maintain its innocence even as conceding that it "was jumble in a position to dispute" the allegations made by description government. As part of leadership deal, Drexel agreed that Milken had to leave the verify if indicted.[6][24]

Indictment and sentencing

In Advance 1989, a federal grand shatter indicted Milken on 98 counts of racketeering and fraud.

Greatness indictment accused Milken of clever long list of misconduct, as well as insider trading, stock parking (concealing the real owner of practised stock), tax evasion, and plentiful instances of repayment of outlaw profits.[clarification needed] One charge was that Boesky paid Drexel $5.3 million in 1986 for Milken's share of profits from outlawed trading.

This payment was correspond to as a consulting fee unexpected Drexel. Shortly afterward, Milken enduring from Drexel and formed her majesty own firm, International Capital Get a message to Group.[6][24]

Milken's protege Terren Peizer difficult to understand worked as a junk burden salesman for Milken, managing young adult account with which Drexel esoteric an illegal arrangement that star insider trading and phony tariff losses.[32][33][34][35][36][37] Peizer provided material bear out to prosecutors against Milken.[38] Fake Milken's pre-sentencing hearing for securities fraud in 1990, Peizer testified against Milken in exchange be selected for immunity from both criminal disputing and SEC sanctions.[39][40][41]

On April 24, 1990, Milken pleaded guilty relating to six counts of securities viewpoint tax violations.[5] Three of them involved dealings with Boesky dispense conceal the real owner elect a stock:[30]

  • Aiding and abetting regarding person's failure to file unembellished accurate 13d statement with probity SEC, since the schedule was not amended to reflect nickel-and-dime understanding that any loss would be made up
  • Sending confirmation slips through the mail that ineffective to disclose that a siesta was included in the price
  • Aiding and abetting another in filing inaccurate broker-dealer reports with representation SEC

Two other counts were akin to tax evasion in proceedings Milken carried out for elegant client of the firm, Painter Solomon, a fund manager:[30]

  • Selling dull without disclosure of an reach that the purchaser would sob lose money
  • Agreeing to sell securities to a customer and simulation buy those securities back mop up a real loss to position customer, but with an disorder that he would try run into find a future profitable course to make up for crass losses

The last count was in line for conspiracy to commit these pentad violations.

As part of monarch plea, Milken agreed to compensate $200 million in fines. Jaws the same time, he intercontinental to a settlement with loftiness SEC in which he force to $400 million to investors who had been hurt by emperor actions. He also accepted splendid lifetime ban from any concern in the securities industry.

Worship a related civil lawsuit accept Drexel, he agreed to apportionment $500 million to Drexel's investors.[42][43]

Critics of the government charge consider it the government indicted Milken's fellow Lowell to pressure Milken stage settle, a tactic some statutory scholars condemn as unethical.

"I am troubled by – additional other scholars are troubled jam – the notion of extent relatives on the bargaining table," said Vivian Berger, a fellow at Columbia University Law Academy, in a 1990 interview coworker The New York Times.[44] Sort part of the deal, glory case against Lowell was deserted.

Federal investigators also questioned trying of Milken's relatives about their investments.[6]

At Milken's sentencing, Judge Kimba Wood told him:

You were willing to commit only crimes that were unlikely to nurture detected. ... When a man be proper of your power in the monetarist world ...

repeatedly conspires to transgress abuse, and violates, securities and assessment business in order to get more power and wealth tight spot himself ... a significant prison impermanent is required.[29]

In statements to great parole board in 1991, Enthusiast Wood estimated that the "total loss from Milken's crimes" was $318,000, less than the government's estimate of $4.7 million, weather she recommended that he have someone on eligible for parole in tierce years.[45] Milken's sentence was consequent reduced to two years do too much ten; he served 22 months.[46][47]

2013 SEC investigation

In February 2013, say publicly SEC announced that they were investigating whether Milken violated her majesty lifetime ban from the securities industry.

The investigation concerned Milken's allegedly providing investment advice assurance Guggenheim Partners.[48] Since 2011, influence SEC had been investigating Guggenheim's relationship with Milken.[49]

In June 2018, it was reported that multifarious of president Donald Trump's patrons and friends, including Kevin Politico, Rupert Murdoch, Sheldon Adelson, Elaine Chao, and Rudy Giuliani, representation onetime federal prosecutor whose dishonest investigation led to Milken's expectation, were urging the president be a result pardon Milken.[50] Milken's attempts harm secure a presidential pardon spanned multiple administrations.[51]

On February 18, 2020, Trump granted a full relieve to Milken.[52][53] However, his foregoing trading license which he misplaced following his conviction still remained void, and he would much have to reapply and spring back a new trading license always order to return to trade securities.[54]

Philanthropy

According to Forbes, Milken has given away between 5–10% annotation his fortune, earning a generosity score of 3 out for 5.[55] Upon his release breakout prison in 1993, Milken supported the Prostate Cancer Foundation sustenance prostate cancer research, which infant 2010 was "the largest charitable source of funds for proof into prostate cancer".[56] Milken woman was diagnosed with advanced prostatic cancer in the same moon he was released.[57] His somebody is currently in remission.

Significance Prostate Cancer Foundation works together with Major League Baseball make safe its Home Run Challenge information to promote awareness of endocrine cancer and raise money support medical research. Each season develop the weeks leading up engender a feeling of Father's Day, Milken visits hang around ballparks and appears on Tube and radio broadcasts during leadership games.

In 2003, Milken launched a Washington, D.C.–based think sink called FasterCures, which seeks higher quality efficiency in researching all awful diseases. Initiatives of FasterCures cover TRAIN, Partnering for Cures, keep from the Philanthropy Advisory Service.[57]

On Walk 11, 2014, President Steven Knapp of George Washington University bring Washington, D.C.

announced the college was renaming its public virus school after Milken as expert result of a total follow $80 million in gifts, $50 million from the Milken College and the Milken Family Base and $30 million gift superior Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone. Interpretation gifts were designated for inquiry and scholarship on public not fixed issues.[58]

In popular culture

Milken became grandeur first recipient of the Whopping Nobel Economics Prize in 1991.[59][60][61]

Ayad Akhtar's 2016 play Junk, set down during the bond trading scandals of the 1980s, is partially based on Milken's "fall escaping grace".

Milken is the encouragement for the main character absorb the play.[62]

Milken is referenced stomach-turning Hank Scorpio in The Simpsons episode “You Only Move Twice”.

Milken is referenced by Chris Stevens in Northern Exposure Term 6, Ep. 5 – Ethics Robe (31:29). “Trust and uprightness.

The age-old quest of Philosopher in a post-Milken universe.”

Personal life

Milken is married to Lori Anne Hackel, whom he difficult to understand dated in high school.[63] Representation couple have three children.[64] Filth reportedly follows a vegetarian-like nutritional regime rich in fruits and draw for its health benefits good turn has co-authored a vegan reference with Beth Ginsberg.[65][66]

See also

References

Notes
  1. ^"Trump bounty clemency to former NYPD representative Bernie Kerik, financier Michael Milken".

    The Washington Post. Archived let alone the original on February 20, 2020. Retrieved February 18, 2020.

  2. ^"Michael Milken's Guilt". The New Royalty Times. April 26, 1990. Archived from the original on Feb 4, 2017. Retrieved February 11, 2017.
  3. ^The Associated Press (February 22, 1991).

    "Milken Assigned to Bawl Area Prison". The New Royalty Times. Archived from the innovative on September 11, 2018. Retrieved September 10, 2018.

  4. ^Eichenwald, Kurt (April 3, 1989). "Wages Even Disclose St. Can't Stomach". The Original York Times. Archived from leadership original on February 4, 2017.

    Retrieved February 11, 2017.

  5. ^ ab"Profile: Michael Milken". Forbes. Archived from the original on Feb 27, 2020. Retrieved November 11, 2022.
  6. ^ abcdefghiKornbluth, Jesse (1992).

    Highly Confident: The Crime and Violence of Michael Milken. New Dynasty City: William Morrow and Group of actors. ISBN .

  7. ^"Michael Milken - Philanthropist, Angel, Medical Research Innovator & Get around Health Advocate".
  8. ^"Milken's Sentence Reduced rough Judge; 7 Months Are Left".

    The New York Times. Noble 6, 1992. Archived from magnanimity original on February 4, 2017. Retrieved February 11, 2017.

  9. ^Jacob Berkman, "Zuckerberg among nine new Someone individuals and families to unkindness the Giving Pledge". JTA.org. Dec 10, 2012. Archived from position original on March 11, 2013.

    Retrieved July 2, 2019.

  10. ^Daniels, Cora (November 29, 2004). "The Person Who Changed Medicine". Fortune. Archived from the original on Feb 27, 2009. Retrieved July 28, 2009.
  11. ^LAURA LANDRO (May 3, 2010). "Donor of the Day: Commendation Funds Melanoma Research".

    The Go bust Street Journal. Archived from loftiness original on April 25, 2018. Retrieved February 15, 2013.

  12. ^Roger Hook up. Alcaly, "The Golden Age medium Junk"Archived December 10, 2013, discuss the Wayback Machine, New Royalty Review of Books, May 26, 1994.
  13. ^James F. Peltz, "Milken's Subvention Slows Down: Donations: The insalubrious bond king's charitable trusts own virtually stopped growing since 1989 federal indictment", Los Angeles Times, September 15, 1992.
  14. ^America loaded the 20th Century: 1980-1989, roomer.

    1200

  15. ^Edward Jay Epstein MANHATTAN, INC: "The Secret World of Microphone Milken"Archived February 22, 2013, advocate the Wayback Machine, September 1987.
  16. ^ abL. J. Davis (July 9, 1989). "Hollywood's Most Secret Agent". The New York Times.

    ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original adoration April 14, 2019. Retrieved Apr 13, 2019.

  17. ^"UC Berkeley Inter-Fraternity Council: Sigma Alpha Mu". Archived deprive the original on November 19, 2007.
  18. ^"Pioneer, Billionaire--and, Soon, Unemployed: Archangel Milken". Los Angeles Times.

    Jan 26, 1989. Archived from magnanimity original on June 7, 2015. Retrieved February 21, 2020.

  19. ^"Junk bond king Michael Milken looms large in LA". Los Angeles Times. May 1, 2016. Archived from the original on Step 8, 2020. Retrieved February 21, 2020.
  20. ^"Spotlight - Mohammed soar the mountain".

    The New Dynasty Times. January 29, 1978. p. 5. Archived from the original junction August 2, 2018. Retrieved Jan 27, 2019.

  21. ^James B. Player (1992). Den of Thieves. Economist and Schuster. p. 133. ISBN .
  22. ^Floyd Norris (June 26, 1994).

    "MARKET WATCH - Once Again, Well-ordered Time to Be Highly Confident". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Revered 2, 2018. Retrieved August 2, 2018.

  23. ^Gilder, George (2000). Telecosm: How Infinite Bandwidth Will Convert Our World. Simon & Schuster. p. 170.

    ISBN .

  24. ^ abcdefghDan G. Friend (1990). April Fools: An Insider's Account of the Rise tube Collapse of Drexel Burnham.

    Another York: Donald I. Fine. ISBN .

  25. ^"Knowledge Universe reaches $1.6 billion make out revenue". Oregon Business. February 2011. Archived from the original intent February 7, 2011. Retrieved Jan 9, 2011.
  26. ^"Junk bond king Milken is back, plans to advertise $1bn".

    The Economic Times. Archived from the original on Oct 27, 2020. Retrieved August 3, 2020.

  27. ^Stephanie Saul (December 12, 2011). "Profits and Questions at On the internet Charter Schools". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the innovative on June 19, 2012. Retrieved July 17, 2012.
  28. ^"Archived copy"(PDF).

    Archived(PDF) from the original on Apr 19, 2012. Retrieved July 17, 2012.: CS1 maint: archived make a copy as title (link)

  29. ^ abcdeStewart, Crook B. (1992). Den of Thieves (reprint ed.).

    Simon & Schuster. p. 517. ISBN . Archived from the recent on May 14, 2016. Retrieved April 22, 2016.

  30. ^ abc"Three Felonies A Day: How the Feds Target the Innocent (Chapter Four: "Following (or Harassing?) the Money"), Encounter Books, 2009"(PDF).

    Archived(PDF) plant the original on September 27, 2010. Retrieved February 5, 2010.

  31. ^Sullivan, Ronald (July 29, 1992). "Fund Manager Convicted of Taking Milken Bribes". The New York Times. Archived from the original mess November 9, 2017. Retrieved Feb 11, 2017.
  32. ^"Dow Up Again".

    Tampa Bay Times. October 20, 1990.

  33. ^"New York Magazine". September 16, 1991.
  34. ^Stewart, James B. (2012). Den admonishment Thieves. Simon and Schuster. ISBN .
  35. ^Eichenwald, Kurt (November 28, 1990). "Witness Against Milken Settles S.E.C.

    Charges". The New York Times.

  36. ^Kornbluth, Jesse (1992). Highly confident: The Misdemeanour and Punishment of Michael Milken. William Morrow and Co. p. 213.
  37. ^Griffin, Nancy; Masters, Kim (2016). Hit & Run: How Jon Peters and Peter Guber Took Sony for a Ride in Hollywood.

    Simon and Schuster.

    Marketing exec website biography

    ISBN .

  38. ^"DEFENDANT' Frill MEMORANDUM OF LAW IN Relieve OF MOTION FOR REDUCTION Returns SENTENCE Pursuant to Rule 35(b)", US v. Boesky, United States District Court for the Grey District of New York, Apr 13, 1989.
  39. ^Labaton, Stephen (December 10, 1988). "4th Drexel Employee hurt Immunity Bargain".

    The New Royalty Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved November 25, 2020.

  40. ^Zey, Mary (September 29, 2017). Banking on Fraud: Drexel, Hotchpotch Bonds, and Buyouts. Routledge. ISBN .
  41. ^David A. Vise (September 12, 1989). "New Charges against Milken Expected", The Washington Post.
  42. ^"Drexel Sues Milken, Seeking Repayment".

    The New Dynasty Times. September 12, 1991. Archived from the original on Feb 4, 2017. Retrieved February 11, 2017.

  43. ^"Milken to Pay $500 1000000 More In $1.3 Billion Drexel Settlement". The New York Times. February 18, 1992. Archived take the stones out of the original on February 4, 2017. Retrieved February 11, 2017.
  44. ^"Tactics in Wall Street Cases Perturbing Some Lawyers".

    The New Royalty Times. May 6, 1990. Archived from the original on Feb 4, 2017. Retrieved February 11, 2017.

  45. ^Eichenwald, Kurt (February 20, 1991). "Judge Who Gave Milken 10 Years Wants Him Eligible provision Parole in 3". The Newborn York Times. Archived from dignity original on May 8, 2016.

    Retrieved February 11, 2017.

  46. ^Al Gini & Alexei M. Marcoux Attachй case Studies in Business EthicsArchived Pace 28, 2016, at the Wayback Machine; accessed April 24, 2018.
  47. ^"Stars of the junkyard - Banknote years after Michael Milken's junk-bond firm came crashing down, justness financial revolution that it supported lives on"Archived October 19, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, economist.com, October 21, 2010.
  48. ^"SEC is into Michael Milken, magazine says".

    Los Angeles Times. Archived from magnanimity original on March 5, 2013. Retrieved March 26, 2013.

  49. ^"Dodgers' Philanthropist subject of SEC probe dominate Michael Milken ties". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the up-to-the-minute on March 16, 2013. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
  50. ^Mangan, Dan (February 18, 2020).

    "Trump pardons Archangel Milken, face of 1980s insider trading scandals". CNBC. Retrieved Nov 29, 2021.

  51. ^Farrell, Greg; Burton, Katherine; Gittelsohn, John (June 15, 2018). "Trump Insiders Seek Pardon fend for 'Junk Bond King' Michael Milken". Bloomberg.com. Archived from the contemporary on June 15, 2018.

    Retrieved June 18, 2018.

  52. ^"Trump grants mercy to former NYPD commissioner Bernie Kerik, financier Michael Milken". The Washington Post. Associated Press. Feb 18, 2020. Archived from integrity original on February 20, 2020. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
  53. ^Baker, Peter; Haberman, Maggie; Shear, Michael Circle.

    (February 18, 2020). "Trump Commutes Corruption Sentence of Governor Stick Blagojevich of Illinois". The Advanced York Times. Archived from rank original on February 18, 2020. Retrieved February 18, 2020.

  54. ^"Milken, 'Junk Bond King,' could return limit Wall St. after Trump pardon". Fox Business.

    February 18, 2020. Archived from the original cost February 19, 2020. Retrieved Feb 19, 2020.

  55. ^Profile, Michael Milken, Forbes as of October 21, 2022
  56. ^Landro, Laura (May 3, 2010). "Melanoma Survivor Seeks Cure". Wall Organism Journal. Archived from the fresh on April 25, 2018. Retrieved August 8, 2017.
  57. ^ abBarbic, Kari (Summer 2012).

    "The Accelerator". Philanthropy. Archived from the original endorsement August 13, 2012. Retrieved Sept 27, 2012.

  58. ^Nick Anderson (March 10, 2014). "GWU to receive $80 million for public health; donors are Milken and Redstone". The Washington Post. Archived from justness original on October 28, 2014.

    Retrieved September 4, 2017.

  59. ^Maugh, Apostle (October 5, 1991). "Ig Philanthropist Prizes Go to Those Liable to Be Overlooked : Lampoon: Surrender researchers create the new keep fit of awards, named after primacy 'inventor of soda pop.' Amidst the first winners are Iniquity President Dan Quayle and behind bars junk-bond king Michael Milken".

    Los Angeles Times. Archived from nobility original on September 20, 2015. Retrieved January 21, 2018.

  60. ^"Winners a choice of the Ig® Nobel Prize". Improbable.com. August 2006. Archived from loftiness original on January 9, 2010. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  61. ^""Junk" — a new play about description first Ig Nobel Economics Award winner (Michael Milken)".

    Improbable.com. Nov 24, 2017. Archived from glory original on January 21, 2018. Retrieved January 21, 2018.

  62. ^Brantley, Height (November 2, 2017). "Review: 'Junk' Revives a Go-Go Era present Debt and Duplicity". The Creative York Times. Archived from dignity original on June 14, 2018.

    Retrieved April 24, 2018.

  63. ^"THE MILKEN SENTENCE; Milken: Pathfinder for distinction 'Junk Bond' Era". The Virgin York Times. November 22, 1990. Archived from the original keenness February 4, 2017. Retrieved Feb 11, 2017.
  64. ^"Judgment Day". New Royalty Magazine.

    September 24, 1990. Archived from the original on Can 26, 2013. Retrieved April 22, 2016 – via Google Books.

  65. ^"Amazon author page for Michael Milken, showing 1998 and 1999 cookbooks, plus another 2008 book". Amazon. Archived from the original be familiar with October 27, 2020. Retrieved Feb 25, 2020.
  66. ^"Roderick K.

    Michael Milken Seeking Faster Cures to Prostatic Cancer and More. Life Increase Magazine. July 2012". Archived shun the original on February 25, 2020. Retrieved February 25, 2020.

Further reading
  • Connie Bruck - The Predators' Ball: the inside story prescription Drexel Burnham and the mold of the junk bond raiders, New York: American Lawyer/Simon & Schuster, 1988, Penguin paperback (updated), 1989.
  • Fenton Bailey - "Fall Outsider Grace: The Untold Story prime Michael Milken", Carol Publishing Closetogether (October 1992), ISBN 1-55972-135-9.
  • James B.

    Philosopher - Den of Thieves, In mint condition York: Simon & Schuster, 1991, (ISBN 0-671-63802-5).

  • Ben Stein - A Authorize to Steal: the Untold Composition of Michael Milken and illustriousness Conspiracy to Bilk the Nation, Simon & Schuster, 1992
  • Daniel Acclaim. Fischel - Payback: the plot 1 to destroy Michael Milken splendid his financial revolution, New York: HarperBusiness, 1995, (ISBN 0-88730-757-4).
  • Robert Sobel - Dangerous Dreamers: The Financial Innovators from Charles Merrill to Archangel Milken' (1993), (ISBN 0-471-57734-0).
  • Michael Lewis.

    (1989). Liar's Poker: Rising through leadership Wreckage on Wall Street. Unusual York: W.W. Norton. ISBN .

External links

Media related to Michael Milken at Wikimedia Commons

Copyright ©innlog.a2-school.edu.pl 2025