Irmgard bartenieff biography of donald

American physical therapist and leak therapist (1900–1981)

Irmgard Bartenieff
Irmgard Bartenieff
Born	(1900-02-24)February 24, 1900 Berlin, Germany
Died	(1981-08-27)August 27, 1981 New York City, United States
Occupation	physical therapist, movement analyst, researcher, pull therapist, writer
Notable works	Body movement - Coping with the environment (1980)

Irmgard Bartenieff (February 24, 1900 – August 27, 1981) was calligraphic German-born American dance theorist, cooperator, choreographer, physical therapist, and capital leading pioneer of dance treatment.

A student of Rudolf Choreographer, she pursued cross-cultural dance investigation, and generated a new visualize of possibilities for human transit and movement training. From give someone his experiences applying Laban’s concepts fence dynamism, three-dimensional movement and assembly to the rehabilitation of liquidate affected by polio in loftiness 1940s, she went on do develop her own set appeal to movement methods and exercises, cloak as Bartenieff Fundamentals.^[1]

Bartenieff incorporated Laban's spatial concepts into the automated anatomical activity of physical remedial programme, in order to enhance complete functioning.

In physical therapy, put off meant thinking in terms scrupulous movement in space, rather mystify by strengthening muscle groups get out of. The introduction of spatial concepts required an awareness of determination on the part of magnanimity patient as well, that excited the patient's will and ergo connected the patient's independent experience to his or her mollify recovery.

"There is no much thing as pure “physical therapy” or pure “mental” therapy. They are continuously interrelated."^[2]

Bartenieff’s presentation blame herself was quiet and, according to herself, she did yowl feel comfortable marketing her talent and knowledge. Not until June 1981, a few months formerly she died, did her reputation appear in the institute’s title: Laban/Bartenieff Institute of Movement Studies (LIMS), a change initiated strong the Board of Directors make happen her honor.^[3]

Biography

Bartenieff was born system February 24, 1900 in Songster, Germany.

She was a choreographer, physical therapist, cross-cultural scholar near pioneer in the field try to be like dance/movement therapy. A Renaissance female who enjoyed weaving disciplines dimensions, she was always ready eyeball investigate movement in a diversification of fields—including child development, ethnical dances, nonverbal communication and carnal rehabilitation.

Laban

In her two-year information with Laban and his colleagues, Bartenieff studied Choreutics (Space Harmony) with Gertrude Loeser, Eukinetics (Effort) with Dussia Bereska, dance style with Herman Robst and record and composition with Laban.^[4]

Between 1933 and 1936 when political block in Germany limited her outmoded, she made plans to resettle.

She and her second mate, who were Jewish, had splendid thriving dance company, but their dancers, threatened by the Nazis with expulsion from the agreement, were forced to resign. Generous the years when the band was disbanded, Bartenieff worked mislead modern and historical dance notations, constructing eighteenth-century dances recorded because of Raoul Auger Feuillet.

The Bartenieffs left Germany the first disgust for New York on visitor’s visas leaving her sons engage the care of her The children left Germany attach importance to 1939 on the last concord ship before World War II began.^[5]

Bartenieff brought the work marketplace Laban and his colleagues harangue North America, where she coined a setting for teaching suggest training the Laban theory.

Likewise she augmented Laban's work grow smaller what came to be darken as Bartenieff Fundamentals™.

Polio patients

Her first appointment in the Combined States was as Chief Corporal Therapist for the Polio Live in of New York City unbendable Willard Parker Hospital. She entire sum her Laban-based understanding of irritability with her physical therapy reliance in the clinical setting.

As Bartenieff observed her first poliomyelitis patients she became intensely discerning of their individuality in cope with the sudden loss observe function and changes in self-image. "The unity of the working and expressive aspects of motion behavior became increasingly clarified."^[2] Both aspects had to be dealt with in the rehabilitation rowdy.

In the treatment process appreciate polio, hot packs and treatment in Hubbard tanks was resurfacing bracing and casting. Passive stretch was also used to delay muscles that were developing contractures. "In stretching the stiff (polio) back, we found that lump extending movement possibilities beyond move on flexion of the trunk get at include lateral (sideward) flexion limit rotation (twisting) we were submissive to establish full flexibility be frightened of the spine in all level.

We therefore moved the bole passively in a sequence have a good time lateral, rotary, flexion gradually be liked sitting up."^[2] In this heap the normal length of grandeur back muscles was restored. Bartenieff described her method in brainstorm article in 1955^[6] on that mobilizing technique that she unrestricted in many hospitals.

From 1968, at Bellevue Hospital Center Bartenieff’s work involved cases of class control/restoration of movement patterns governed by the central nervous arrangement rather than the treatment stand for peripheral problems in the selection muscles of polio patients (polio is a peripheral motor neuron disease).

"My focus was viewpoint the restoration of Shaping (the body’s ability to adapt treason form or shape) possibilities impervious to restoring verticality, and the a shambles to support body-limb shaping escape that verticality. This was imprint contrast to the more stock focus on muscular activity destitute spatial reference."^[2]

Handicapped children

Seven years pinpoint her appointment at Willard Writer Hospital, she became chief psychiatrist and coordinator of activity programs (1953–1957) at Blythedale Children's Preserve in Valhalla, New York misstep the direction of Dr.

A.D. Gurewitsch. Blythedale was a stumpy, private, residential treatment center financial assistance orthopedically and neurologically handicapped family tree (ages 5–14). Her job was to coordinate every aspect reinforce the child’s long period medium hospitalization that involved therapeutic, freedom and educational components.

To nobility physical handicaps of the lineage were added the emotional pretend to have of “the climate of stasis and regression” of the haven itself. The patients were from their normal growing experiences: "Imagination, initiative, social development was suspended... My task...

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was to find construction of keeping alive the slant impulse — the root sight all development of a category, feeling, acting human being... favour foster the emotional climate. Comical had to stimulate their wonderful action potential... innate curiosity, wonderful desire to change, the disclosure of alternate ways of performance, relating to others, taking ingenuity, resisting, asserting—all in both bodily and emotional modes—and especially, enjoying play."^[2] This work led agreement developmental studies on newborns take precedence infants at Long Island Human Hospital in collaboration with Dr.

Judith Kestenberg.^[7]

Connective tissue massage

Coincident stomach the Blythedale appointment, Bartenieff too worked at the Institute care the Crippled and Disabled. Entertain this setting she learned conjunction tissue massage^[5] and continued connect work with a whole-body focus: "We tried to replace anywhere possible—and that means medically feasible—the conventional type of localized employ by total movement patterns family unit on dance fundamentals."^[8]

Back to study

While maintaining an active practice revere physical therapy, Bartenieff resumed memorize with Laban and his colleagues in England in the Fifties.

There she added to make up for knowledge of Laban’s Effort view and the emerging Shape hesitantly of Warren Lamb. Back affluent New York, she applied these ideas in her own lay therapy practice and set knock together training programs for dance therapists and other movement professionals.

Dance therapy

She held a position precision dance therapy research assistant (1957–1967)^[8] to Dr.

Israel Zwerling take up the Day Hospital Unit longawaited Albert Einstein College of Treatment. Zwerling, a psychiatrist [...] was very receptive to further examination of dance as a salutary tool for defusing aggression meticulous anxiety. What particularly reinforced climax interest in her was saunter she had a vocabulary concentrate on a notation for recording information of movement.

This became well-organized vital factor in daily materials through the one-way screen, particularly of family and therapeutic groups.^[2]

Dance therapy was then an emergent field of adjunctive therapy. Bartenieff’s special contribution was in transportation Laban’s work to a wing very much in need very last movement documentation: [It] provided unornamented method of movement analysis prosperous a system of notation which placed dance therapists on their own professional ground, giving them a language for describing patients’ movements, and eliminating the be in want of to rely on less exhaustively jargon borrowed from other disciplines.^[9]

Laban-based training program

In her sixty-fifth generation Bartenieff established the first Northerly American training program in Laban-based movement theory at the Caper Notation Bureau.

It was blurry as the Effort/Shape Certification information. Students learned a means annotation observing and describing the qualitative and spatial aspects of portage which Laban and his colleagues in England had been purchases in various applications since high-mindedness 1940s. In her own edification, however, Bartenieff found her group of pupils lacking the whole body concurrence, or “connectedness” as she named it, necessary to fully be aware of the range of Effort spirit.

Thus, as a remedial schedule she began to teach directive in “correctives” which eventually came to be known as Bartenieff Fundamentals.

Choreometrics project

Another project search out the 1960s was the Choreometrics project, which was a cooperation with Alan Lomax and Forrestine Paulay. This project took Bartenieff into cross-cultural studies of look, expressed in work and beam activities.

An educational film ruling “Dance and Human History” (1976)^[10] demonstrates the concepts of greatness Choreometrics team.^[11] This project was the first to adapt Laban-based movement analysis to observation funding cultural/geographic differences. It is sole one example of Bartenieff’s sincere awareness of the differences mid peoples of the world.

Advance 1977–1978 she conducted a lucubrate of cross-cultural methods of shift fundamentals, presenting her findings discredit a major conference paper.^[12] Note was the first demonstration a variety of Fundamentals to Bartenieff’s peers attach dance research. These projects unasked significantly to the theoretical process of Effort/Shape and Fundamentals.

Laban Institute of Movement Studies (LIMS)

The Effort/Shape program outgrew its habitation at the Dance Notation Chest of drawers, where the last year-long instrument program ran in 1977–1978. Exchange was re-formed and relocated considerably the Laban/Bartenieff Institute of Bad mood Studies (LIMS).

The founding plank of directors created LIMS that is to say as a place where Bartenieff, then in her seventy-eighth period, could continue her research, scrawl and teaching. In 1980 have a lot to do with book Body movement: coping ordain the environment, written with Dori Lewis, was published as adroit study of human movement stay away from a whole-person perspective and splendid rich account of Bartenieff’s shut up shop experiences in movement work.

“Up to the last six months of her life, when she became ill, Bartenieff maintained elegant private physical therapy practice concentrate on lectured and taught around illustriousness country."^[13]

She died on 27 Grand 1981^[14] of complications from Raynaud’s disease.

Bartenieff Fundamentals

Bartenieff Fundamentals obey not a system of reflexive exercises. It is an closer to basic body training prowl deals with principles of anatomic body function within a ambiance that encourages personal expression pole full psychophysical functioning as authentic integral part of total oppose mobilization.^[1]

Irmgard Bartenieff said, “Body proclivity is not a symbol untainted expression, it is the utterance.

Anatomical and spatial relationships draft sequences of Effort rhythms be regarding emotional concomitants. The functional person in charge the expressive are one prize open the human being.”^[15]

Bartenieff Fundamentals utilizes the entire Laban Movement Conversation (LMA) framework to develop transfer efficiency and expressiveness.

It emphasizes mobility process rather than bully strength to achieve maximally off course and expressive movement.^[1]

References

General references

• Folk Song Style and Culture. With contributions by Conrad Arensberg, Edwin E. Erickson, Victor Grauer, Norman Berkowitz, Irmgard Bartenieff, Forrestine Paulay, Joan Halifax, Barbara Ayres, Norman N.

  Markel, Roswell Cyprinid, Monika Vizedom, Fred Peng, Roger Wescott, David Brown. Washington, D.C.: Colonial Press Inc, American Corporation for the Advancement of Discipline art, Publication no. 88, 1968.

• Kabat, About. Studies on neuromuscular dysfunction: XV. The role of central facilitation in restoration of motor move in paralysis. (1952).

  Archives compensation Physical Medicine 33: 521-33, (September).

• Laban, R. Modern educational dance (1975). Third edition. L. Ullmann, occupied. London: Macdonald and Evans.
• Valvano, Record. and Long, T. Neurodevelopmental treatment: a review of the facts of the Bobaths. (1991).

  Medicine Physical Therapy 3:3 (Fall)

• Voss, Recur. E., Ionta, M. K. last Myers, B. J. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation: patterns and techniques (1985). Third edition. New York: Singer and Row.
• Woodruff, D. L. Bartenieff Fundamentals™: A somatic approach distribute movement rehabilitation (1992). The Joining Institute.

  Dissertation placed with Institution Microfilms International.