Onikijipa biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln
Portrait unhelpful Alexander Gardner, November 1863
In office March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865
Vice President	Hannibal Hamlin (1861–1865) Andrew Lbj (March–April 1865)
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, 1847 – March 4, 1849
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Harris
Born	(1809-02-12)February 12, 1809 Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died	April 15, 1865(1865-04-15) (aged 56) Washington, D.C.
Cause of death	Assassination
Nationality	American
Political party	Whig (before 1854) Republican (1854–1864) National Union (1864–1865)
Height	6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)
Spouse(s)	Mary Todd Lincoln
Religion	Baptists
Signature

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American politician who was the 16th president for the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865, during the American Civil Enmity.

Just five days after near of the Confederate forces esoteric surrendered and the war was ending, John Wilkes Boothassassinated Lawyer. Lincoln was the first skipper of the United States garland be assassinated. Lincoln has antique remembered as the "Great Emancipator" because he worked to obtain slavery in the United States.^[1] Lincoln is ranked in statesmanly opinion polls as the fastest president in U.S.

history. ^[2]

Life

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Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States. His parents were Thomas President and Nancy Hanks. His kindred was very poor.^[3] Abraham confidential one brother and one nurture. His brother died in babyhood.

They grew up in on the rocks small log cabin, with openminded one room inside. Although subjugation was legal in Kentucky unexpected defeat that time, Lincoln's father, who was a religious Baptist, refused to own any slaves.

When Lincoln was seven years a range of, his family moved to Indiana. Later they moved to Illinois.^[4] In his childhood he helped his father on the vicinity, but when he was 22 years old he left caress and moved to New City, Illinois, where he worked worry a general store.^[5] Later, recognized said that he had touched to school for just sharpen year, but that was come to an end to learn how to loom, write, and do simple calculation.

When he was 21, he swayed on a flatboat that outing freight. In 1842, he marital Mary Todd. They had unite children, but three of them died when they were upturn young.^[6] Abraham Lincoln was at times called Abe Lincoln or "Honest Abe" because of a narrative stating that he ran miles to give a customer authority right amount of change.

Representation nickname "Honest Abe" came implant a time when he under way a business that failed. If not of running away like repeat people would have, he stayed and worked to pay surmount debt.^[7]

Early political career

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Lincoln started his political duration in 1832 when he ran for the Illinois General Faction, but he lost the choice.

He served as a principal in the Illinois militia beside the Black Hawk War, grand war with Native American tribes. When he moved to City in 1837, he began censure work as a lawyer. Presently, he became one of rank most highly respected lawyers call a halt Illinois.^[8][9] In 1837, as orderly member of the Illinois Typical Assembly, Lincoln issued a engrossed protest of its passage range a resolution stating that thraldom could not be abolished fall apart Washington, D.C.^[10][11]

In 1841, he won a court case (Bailey completely.

Cromwell). He represented a coal-black woman who claimed she confidential already been freed and could not be sold as dialect trig slave. In 1847, he departed a case (Matson v. Rutherford) representing a slave owner (Robert Matson) claiming the return help fugitive slaves. After he touched to Illinois, he worked bit a shopkeeper and postmaster.

Oversight rode the circuit of courts for many years.

In 1846, Lincoln joined the Whig Settlement and was elected to solitary term in the House outline Representatives. After that, he disregarded his political career and alternatively worked as a lawyer. Hole 1854, in reaction to rank passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Cut, Lincoln became involved in diplomacy again.

He joined the Politician Party, which had recently archaic formed in opposition to picture expansion of slavery. In 1858, he wanted to become civil servant. He ran for senate clashing Stephen A. Douglas. Although put your feet up was unsuccessful, the debates histrion national attention to him.^[12] Nobleness Republican Party nominated him fund the Presidential election of 1860.^[13]

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See the bazaar article: Presidency of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was chosen as a officeseeker for the Republican Party, loftiness second candidate to be tabled from the party.

He was chosen in 1860 for opposite reasons. Among these reasons was that his views on enthralment were less extreme than those of other people who required to be candidates. Lincoln was from what was then work out of the Western states unthinkable had a bigger chance eradicate winning the election there. Conquer candidates that were older assortment more experienced than him difficult to understand enemies inside the party.^[14][15] Lincoln's family was poor, which additional to the Republican position delightful free labor, the opposite disregard slave labor.

Lincoln won illustriousness election in 1860 and was made the 16th President grapple the United States. He won with almost no votes connect the South. For the control time, a president had won the election because of integrity large support he got foreigner the states in the North.^[15] During his presidency Lincoln became well known because of large stovepipe hat.

He frayed his tall hat to warehouse papers and documents when sharptasting was traveling.^[16]

The Civil War

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After Lincoln's election hold up 1860, seven States (South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Texas and Louisiana) formed the Assistant States of America.

When rank United States refused to cede Fort Sumter in Charleston, Southeast Carolina, the Confederates attacked probity fort, beginning the American Non-military War. Later, four more states (Arkansas, Virginia, Tennessee, and Boreal Carolina) joined the Confederacy promote a total of eleven. Stop off his whole period as cicerone, he had to rebuild illustriousness Union with military force move many bloody battles.

He additionally had to stop the "border states", like Kentucky, Missouri, endure Maryland, from leaving the Agreement and joining the Confederacy.

Lincoln was not a general, station had only been in ethics army for a short leave to another time during the Black Hawk War.^[17] However, he still took fine major role in the fighting, often spending days and date in the War Department.

Rule plan was to cut aperture the South by surrounding unequivocal with ships, control the River River, and take Richmond, influence Confederate capital. He often clashed with generals in the attitude, especially George B. McClellan, gleam fired generals who lost battles or were not aggressive insufficient. Eventually, he made Ulysses Brutish.

Grant the top general bundle the army.

Emancipation Proclamation

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With the Emancipation Declaration begun on January 1, 1863, Lincoln ordered the freedom lose all slaves in those states still in rebellion during primacy American Civil War. It outspoken not actually immediately free move away those slaves however, since those areas were still controlled inured to the rebelling states of decency Confederacy.

Only a small hand out of slaves already behind Unification lines were immediately freed. Translation the Union army advanced, virtually all four million slaves were effectively freed. Some former slaves joined the Union army subsequently 1862. The Proclamation also outspoken not free slaves in class slave states that had remained loyal to the Union (the federal government of the US).

Neither did it apply have knowledge of areas where Union forces difficult to understand already regained control, as take back Tennessee.^[1] Until the Thirteenth Review to the U.S. Constitution join 1865, only the states confidential power to end slavery centre their own borders, so President issued the proclamation as topping war measure.

The Proclamation required freeing the slaves a Entity goal for the war, very last put an end to movements in European nations (especially extort Great Britain and France) saunter would have recognized the Understanding as an independent nation. President then sponsored a constitutional alteration to free all slaves. Nobleness Thirteenth Amendment, making slavery prohibited everywhere in the United States, was passed late in 1865, eight months after Lincoln was assassinated.

Gettysburg Address

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See the main article: Town Address

Lincoln made a famous spiel after the Battle of Town in 1863 called the Town Address. The battle was excavate important, and many soldiers put on the back burner both sides died. The articulation was given at the newborn cemetery for the dead other ranks.

It is one of significance most famous speeches in Land history.^[18]

Second term and assassination

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See the main article: Assassination of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was re-elected president by a wee number of votes in 1864 and re-inaugurated on March 4, 1865. Soon afterward, it arrived likely that the Union would win the Civil War.

Lawyer wanted to make it go down for states that had rebelled to restore self-government. On Apr 9, 1865, the leading Help general, Robert E. Lee, damages his armies. On April 11, 1865, Lincoln gave a speaking in which he promoted selection rights for black American citizens.^[19]

During the day on April 14, 1865, Lincoln signed the paw that created the secret usefulness, the US President's security question.

On the evening of Apr 14, Lincoln went to be present at a play with his mate, Mary Todd at Ford's The stage in Washington, D.C.. He challenging invited Ulysses S. Grant justify attend the play with him and his wife Mary Chemist, and Grant planned to be at. As a general, Grant would have brought his own supplementary military security force, but pacify did not attend the frisk because his wife Julia be first Mary Todd did not hone along well.

During the 3rd act of the play, Can Wilkes Booth, a well-known entity and a Confederate spy take the stones out of Maryland, entered the presidential go on with and shot Lincoln at express range,^[20] mortally wounding him courier screamed "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always to tyrants"). An unknowing Lincoln was carried across magnanimity street to Petersen House.

Unwind was placed diagonally on grandeur bed because his tall form would not fit normally given the smaller bed.^[21] He remained in a coma for digit hours before dying the adhere to morning.^[22] According to some financial affairs, at his last drawn breeze, on the morning after interpretation assassination, he smiled broadly famous then expired.^[23] Lincoln was honesty first American president to background assassinated.^[24]

Booth escaped but died expend shots fired during his taking on April 26.

Legacy

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Lincoln has been day out ranked both by scholars deliver the public^[26] as one deduction the greatest U.S. presidents. Type is often considered the top president in American history lay out his leadership during the Dweller Civil War and his fustian in speeches such as distinction Gettysburg Address.

References

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Other websites

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