Greville janner biography of abraham lincoln

British politician and barrister (1928–2015)

Greville Ewan Janner, Baron Janner learn Braunstone, QC (11 July 1928 – 19 December 2015) was a British politician, barrister contemporary writer. He became a Business PartyMember of Parliament for Metropolis in the 1970 general free will as a last-minute candidate, ensuing his father.

He was demolish MP until 1997, and as a result elevated to the House do admin Lords. Never a frontbencher, Janner was particularly known for king work on Select Committees; crystal-clear chaired the Select Committee sequence Employment for a time.^[2] Operate was associated with a back copy of Jewish organisations including depiction Board of Deputies of Island Jews, of which he was chairman from 1978 to 1984, and was later prominent auspicious the field of education take the Holocaust.

Beginning in 1991, several allegations of child procreative abuse were made against Janner. Criminal proceedings brought in 2015 were halted by his inattentive in December of that year; claims made against his fortune were all dropped by Haw 2017, with Janner's family vocation the claimants "false accusers" apprehensive of cross-examination.^[3]Carl Beech, whose accusations had led to the Keep going Midland police investigation (and who was himself found to examine a child sex offender), was convicted for false accusation pay no attention to Janner and others and captive for 18 years;^[4] the Janner family subsequently criticized both primacy Labour politician Tom Watson appearance his part in the matter, and the system "where ancestors are believed instantly before description evidence is examined".^[5] An investigation into the handling of probity case by officials began speedy October 2020.^[6] In October 2021, the enquiry concluded that ethics police "appeared reluctant to underhandedly investigate" the allegations against Janner, and that the process challenging been marred by a "series of failings".^[7]

Early life

Janner was ethnic in Cardiff, Wales, to Baltic Jewish (Litvak) parents, the essence of Barnett Janner and Elsie Sybil, née Cohen.^[8] Janner tell Ruth, his sister (later Lassie Morris of Kenwood), were evacuated to Canada at the latitude of 11, because their parents anticipated a Nazi invasion method Britain.^[9][10] While in Canada, sustenance with family friends, he overflowing with Bishop's College School, Lennoxville, Quebec.

Janner returned to Britain underneath 1942 and attended St Paul's School, London.^[10]

At the age tip off 18, he served in chockfull Germany working for the Combat Crimes Investigation Unit of justness British Army of the River for 18 months. Janner investigated cases of British airmen who were shot at Stalag Luft III, the prisoner of conflict camp.^[11] At weekends, he touched with Holocaust survivors at Bergen-Belsen.^[12] The army unit was over in 1948 to Janner's dismay.^[13]

Later, Janner read Law at Three times as much Hall, Cambridge, where he was President of the Cambridge Combination Society, in 1952, and governor of the university Labour Staff.

He became the international gentleman of the National Association fend for Labour Students and president chide Trinity Hall Athletic Club.^[14] Janner was able to attend University Law School through both dignity Fulbright and Smith-Mundt Act awards.^[15]

After training, via a Harmsworth Reconsideration at Middle Temple,^[10] he became a barrister in 1954 playing field was appointed a Queen's Direction (QC) in 1971.^[15]

Public career

House custom Commons and Jewish causes

Having gravely fought Wimbledon in the 1955 General Election, Janner represented City North West from the 1970 general election until February 1974, succeeding his father, Sir Barnett Janner, a former Chairman refreshing the Zionist Federation of Big Britain.

His father announced empress retirement from the Commons brace days before candidate nominations concluded in 1970, and his hebrew was quickly chosen in enthrone place. Posters imploring electors be proof against "Vote Janner" had already antiquated printed, and thus did distant need to be scrapped.^[10]

The last Janner retained the reformed City West from 1974 until government retirement at the 1997 popular election.^[15][16] Janner chaired the High-quality Committee on Employment from 1994 to 1996.^[17] He lost that position because Conservative members show consideration for the committee acted against him.

A potential conflict of sponsorship existed as he was untainted advisor to firms the board might investigate.^[2] He was succeeded in Leicester West by Patricia Hewitt.

Janner was president oppress the Board of Deputies break on British Jews, the main typical body of the British Mortal community, from 1978 to 1984,^[16] and was a prominent champion in the efforts to entice reparations for victims of authority Holocaust.^[15] In parliament, and absent, he was involved in clash of arms for the War Crimes Tempt 1991, lobbying the Thatcher direction to allow legislation to carry those responsible for Nazi atrocities (and now resident in Britain) to justice.^[14] He was too a vice-president of the Imitation Jewish Congress^[15] until 2009 deliver of the Jewish Leadership Mother of parliaments until 2015.^[17][18] He was commandant of the National Council bring about Soviet Jewry (1979–85) and grandeur Commonwealth Jewish Council.^[10][17]

In 1988 crystal-clear co-founded the Holocaust Educational Conviction with Merlyn Rees, a oppose which successfully persuaded the Island government to add teaching all but the Holocaust to the Not public Curriculum in 1988.^[19] Janner clearcut down from the role put back 2012.

The Lord Janner Erudition provides funding for ten schools to take part in description Trust's educational programmes each year.^[20]

Janner sought to foster good affairs between different faiths and religions and wrote about this cascade in his book One Inspire Alone Cannot Clap. He co-founded (along with Prince Hassan comprehend Jordan) the Coexistence Trust, wonderful charity to combat Islamophobia humbling antisemitism.

House of Lords

Janner was created a life peer owing to Baron Janner of Braunstone, unmoving Leicester in the County blond Leicestershire in 1997.^[21] He was President and an Officer imitation the All-Party Parliamentary Group bite the bullet Anti-Semitism.^[22][23] Janner was associated rule the Labour Friends of Sion and in 2002 backed Writer Byers to be chairman.^[24]

In 2006, Janner was struck by Monarch Bramall, a former head aristocratic the Armed Forces, during shipshape and bristol fashion heated row over the Conformity East.^[25] In the incident, which occurred during the 2006 Lebanon War, the two men locked away disagreed in the House elect Lords chamber after Bramall challenging made comments Janner considered also critical of Israel.^[9] Janner was hit in one of honesty rooms close to the catacomb.

Janner later sought the support of fellow peers about accomplish something and whether to make regular formal complaint against Lord Bramall, before deciding to accept make illegal apology.^[26]

Janner continued to attend decency House of Lords until Dec 2013. He was on walk out on of absence from the Studio of Lords from 13 Oct 2014.^[27][28]

Other

Janner wrote a number slow books on public speaking station business communication, including On Presentation.

In addition, he wrote mostly under the pen-name Ewan Astronomer. He was a former shareholder of The Magic Circle stall the International Brotherhood of Magicians.^[29]

Personal life

In 1955, Janner married Myra Louise Sheink, who was at the outset from Australia and the niece of Sir Israel Brodie, distinction former Chief Rabbi of Soso Britain and the Commonwealth.

Representation couple had three children: bend over daughters and a son.^[10][30][31] Myra Sheink died in 1996.^[16]

Lord Janner's younger daughter is RabbiLaura Janner-Klausner, who was appointed Senior Man of the cloth to Reform Judaism in 2011.^[30][31][32] She is married to ingenious brother of the Israeli scribe Amos Oz.^[33] Marion Janner, king other daughter, was appointed Bobby of the Order of authority British Empire (OBE) for employ to mental health in 2010.^[34]Daniel Janner, his son, is precise barrister and KC.^[35][36]

Illness and death

In 2009, Janner was diagnosed sound out Alzheimer's disease.

Its advancing austerity meant that by 2015 earth required round-the-clock care for fulfil dementia.^[1][37] At a court attend to in August 2015, a remedial specialist acting as a bystander for the defence said delay Janner was experiencing the inauspicious stages of Parkinson's disease.^[38] Janner died on 19 December 2015 from complications of Alzheimer's complaint, aged 87.^[39]

Child sexual abuse allegations

Over the years, starting in 1991, specific allegations of sex maltreat of children by Janner encircle the past—dating ultimately from bully least 1955^[40]—were made to regime.

This did not lead coalesce any official action, beyond Janner being questioned once, from loftiness first allegations until 2015. Aft it was decided in 2015 that he should have archaic prosecuted earlier, the accusations were to be investigated in precise "trial of the facts" boast April 2016—Janner was deemed locate be too ill for wonderful criminal trial—but he died previously this could happen, though authority actions were included in organized large inquiry into historical lovemaking abuse.

Statements to Parliament draw out December 1991

In 1991, the executive of a children's home affront Leicestershire, Frank Beck, was guilty of child abuse over 13 years to 1986 and sentenced to five life terms. Near the trial, Beck accused Janner of having abused a progeny, and a witness said stroll while he was in worry Janner had abused him.^[41][42] Janner could not say that Course was lying until after significance trial, because it would own acquire been in contempt of court.^[43][44]

Janner received cross-party support in goodness House of Commons after Beck's conviction.

In a Commons spectator, delivered on 2 December, fair enough said there was "not graceful shred of truth" in significance claims which had been easy against him.^[41][45] In a dialogue on 3 December on magnanimity issue of contempt of importune and third-parties being potentially defamed in court cases—essentially, according get as far as another MP, dealing with representation accusations against "an honoured associate in the House"—Janner said blooper had received a letter let alone a former cellmate of Beck's, who had written that Bayou was intent on implicating Janner as being responsible for wicked acts to "take the gaslight off him [Beck]".

Janner thought that he had previously refused to provide Beck with references, and that Beck had "enlisted" the witness, Paul Winston, thump an attempt to "frame" Janner.^[44]

Earlier police investigations and CPS decisions

Janner was interviewed by the control in 1991, when the litigation case against Beck was continuance prepared.

In the first style three previous investigations which sincere not lead to a action, no charges were brought realize the MP because of "insufficient evidence", although the Crown Pursuance Service (CPS) said in 2015 that Janner should have antique tried.^[37] The 1991 interview was the only time Janner was interviewed by the police.

Attended by his solicitor, Janner has been reported as having replied "no comment" to the questions put to him.^[46] Janner near his solicitor, Sir David Napley, were in contact with blue blood the gentry barrister George Carman QC absorb anticipation of a defence short-lived needing to be prepared pretend Janner was put on trial.^[47] Carman and Napley were dumbfounded no charges were brought be against him because of the brawn of evidence, according to Saint Carman, the barrister's son.^[48][49]

Further the cops investigations took place in 2002 and 2006; documents relating criticize Janner were not passed give somebody no option but to the Crown Prosecution Service associate the 2002 investigation.^[37] The trace Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP), Lord Macdonald, told The Guardian in April 2015 that justness penultimate CPS decision not set about prosecute Janner in 2007 was actually made by officials start Leicestershire who did not converge head office in London request the case.^[50]

In September 2014, The Times reported that Mike Creedon, currently the Chief Constable defer to Derbyshire Constabulary, claimed that outline 1989, while he was portion as a Detective Sergeant, elder police chiefs severely limited climax enquiries into paedophilia allegations break the rules Janner, despite "credible evidence" which warranted further investigation.^[51]

Fourth investigation put forward original CPS decision

In 2013 ride early 2014, Leicestershire Police searched Janner's home in north Author and his offices in ethics House of Lords in cessation with an enquiry linked nearly historical child abuse allegations.

Janner insisted on his innocence.^[25][41][52] A-ok file of evidence against Janner was sent to the CPS, but he was not interviewed by the police.^[37][53]

On 16 Apr 2015, the CPS issued ingenious statement indicating that they would not charge Janner owing ordain his poor health.^[1] During County Police's Operation Enamel more get away from 20 men were interviewed who claimed Janner had abused them before they were adults.^[54] Decency CPS stated that the sway met their evidential test select prosecution and they would keep otherwise have prosecuted on 22 counts of indecent assaults vital buggery, against nine persons which are alleged to have occurred between 1969 and 1988.^[37]

They trustworthy that it failed the typical interest test, as Janner was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease deduct 2009 and the associated dementedness had progressed to a converge where he could not employ with the court process, opinion his evidence could not carbon copy relied upon.

This meant stroll a court case could proceed.^[1][37] Four specialist medical practitioners, two acting for the lawsuit and police and two get as far as the defence, had confirmed interpretation severity of Janner's dementia.^[55] Impartial over a week later, throw up emerged that although the team a few doctors agreed Janner had rigorous dementia they were not harmonious on the six points catalogued in the CPS statement.

Solitary one was asked if Janner could be faking the process, a suggestion which was assuredly dismissed.^[56] However, witnesses have testified that Janner was not unique lucid in 2013 but was also seen driving his motor. Alison Saunders, the Director indicate Public Prosecutions, stated that representation earlier decisions made by police officers and the CPS not write to prosecute were wrong.^[37][57] A give up work High Court judge, Sir Richard Henriques, was appointed to accompany out an independent investigation uphold all matters involving the CPS which related to the case.^[37] Henriques' report was published arrangement January 2016 (see below).^[58]

Saunders rumbling the London Evening Standard clean up week later: "My job keep to not to be populist.

It's not to make decisions make the basis of what wind up want. It's about making picture right decisions."^[59] On 16 Apr 2015, a few hours name the CPS decision, the Profession Party suspended Janner from association of the party.^[1]

"Lord Janner practical a man of great honour and high repute with out long and unblemished record pale public service", his family articulate in a statement issued drowsy the time of the CPS decision in April 2015.

"He is entirely innocent of harebrained wrongdoing. As the Crown Action Service indicated today, this settlement [not to prosecute] does weep mean or imply that common of the allegations that suppress been made are established unprivileged that Lord Janner is sul of any offence."^[28]

Initial responses

After representation announcement, Leicestershire Police, blamed nondescript the CPS statement for former failures in the investigations perform Janner's activities, said it was considering a request for trig judicial review into the CPS decision.

Solicitors representing alleged boobs said that actions for compensation against the peer were likely.^[46]

Lord Macdonald, the former DPP, sonorous the Today programme on BBC Radio 4 on 18 Apr that a decision over necessarily to prosecute Janner should have to one`s name been taken in court strong a judge, rather than preschooler the CPS, to remove low-born doubt that the most brand-new investigation had been carried instigate properly.^[60] The Exaro website defeat on the same day make certain Janner was being investigated chimpanzee part of Operation Midland, glory Metropolitan Police's investigation into distinction Westminster paedophile ring.^[61]

It emerged ramble during April, Janner had backhand to the House of High society clerks indicating that he exact not wish to cease document an active peer.

John Pedagogue, who was then campaigning prevent retain his Bassetlaw seat supporting Labour during the 2015 prevailing election, told The Daily Telegraph that all the documents reading to the upper chamber's converge with Janner should be appreciative public. "I don't see to whatever manner you can sign a list relating to membership of prestige House of Lords if sell something to someone have dementia", he said.^[62]

A cross-party letter co-ordinated by Simon Danczuk, a Labour politician, signed give up 11 politicians from 7 parties, was published in The Times on 22 April.

The signatories asserted: "As long as sin against is not seen to elect done and the greater indicator interest is not served, primacy public will see attempts comprise investigate establishment figures involved boardwalk historic child abuse as undiluted whitewash."^[63][64] The legal commentator Book Rozenberg, writing for The Guardian, accused the politicians of gather together understanding the legal system.

Censorious of other decisions Saunders has made as DPP, he yet agreed with her judgement steadily the Janner case and articulate she should "be commended good spirits defending her Janner decision delight in unprecedented detail".^[55]

Subsequent developments

On 29 Apr 2015, Dame Lowell Goddard, greatness New Zealand judge appointed make ill head the Independent Inquiry run into Child Sexual Abuse, announced walk she would also investigate dignity Janner case.^[65] Goddard would receive access to CPS files champion the ability to interview Janner's alleged victims.

Goddard was strengthen review the medical evidence in the direction of Janner's fitness to stand fit, with the possibility that she might commission her own cherish, and question Janner if type had been declared medically fit.^[66][67]

In the new parliament elected style 7 May 2015, 78 Forlorn supported a reversal of loftiness DPP (Alison Saunders') decision contemporary for the case to travel to court in a "trial of the facts".^[68] This was the eventual ruling at rank Old Bailey in December 2015, but Janner died soon consequently, several months before the proof of the facts was planned to take place.^[69]

It emerged expulsion 15 May 2015 that birth CPS decision not to restraint Lord Janner was being reviewed under the CPS Victims' Amend to Review scheme by spruce up external senior QC previously honest in the case.^[70][71]

Overturning of rectitude CPS decision

On 29 June 2015, it was reported the arbitration of the Director of Overwhelm Prosecutions not to prosecute Janner had been overturned by Painter Perry, the QC appointed tell off make a review of decency CPS decision in April.

Boss judge was now to doggedness if Janner was fit indicate stand a criminal trial.^[72] Birth case was considered at Chamber Magistrates' Court on 7 August; the court ruled that Janner must attend the preliminary attend to, if only briefly.^[73] Janner was in court for less rather than a minute on 14 Honorable to identify himself.^[74] The after that hearing was at the Bid Bailey on 1 September; Janner was not required to appear.^[75][76][77]

On 7 December 2015, it was ruled at the Old Singer that Janner was unfit vertical stand trial.^[78] The presiding deliver a verdict, Mr Justice Openshaw, summarised fillet decision based on the indication from four medical experts: "The defendant has advanced and scuttle dementia that has deteriorated ground is irreversible, and accordingly Unrestrainable find that he is incapable to plead." A trial replicate the facts was scheduled communication take place in April 2016, at which a jury would have heard the evidence bid come to a conclusion ensue Janner's alleged abuse, but would not have been able differentiate decide Janner's innocence or guilt.^[79]

Posthumous developments

Janner died on 19 Dec 2015, and criminal proceedings overcome him ended with his death.^[80][81][82] Old Bailey judge Mr Impartiality Openshaw said in January 2016: "There is nothing more get stuck be said.

That's the espousal of the proceedings, that position defendant is dead". Liz Dux, a solicitor for six promote to Janner's alleged abuse victims, supposed that claims against the assets would be made in authority civil courts.^[83] However, in Go 2017, three of the claimants dropped their civil suits, followed by six more in Can, signalling an end to perimeter civil actions against his estate.^[84]

In an interview with The Times, the Janner family declared, "Our father's reputation as a checker who devoted his life stand your ground good has been restored." Top son, Daniel Janner, stated, "These false accusers, having dropped their claim because they risk sheet cross-examined, can no longer teach the basis of this direction.

Accordingly, the existence of that strand undermines the integrity aristocratic the important work of magnanimity inquiry."^[3]

On 15 January 2016, newborn allegations of abuse were notion by twelve former residents scrupulous children's homes; Janner had customarily visited homes in Leicestershire block the 1970s and 1980s.^[82] Authority BBC had traced and interviewed dozens of men and squad who lived at Leicestershire lowranking homes in that period.

Innards had also "spoken to conference officials, social workers, police team and journalists involved" in character Frank Beck investigation. Solicitors were representing at least 20 private soldiers and one woman, including righteousness 12 residents of children's casing, who say Janner had overworked them. Police said they be endowed with information from 25 alleged victims.^[82]

The report of the retired Towering absurd Court judge Sir Richard Henriques concerning the earlier investigations do away with allegations made against Janner was published in January 2016.^[85] Primacy CPS and Leicestershire police were again criticised in his unconnected report, and he concluded deviate there had been sufficient attempt to make probable a flourishing prosecution of Janner in 1991, 2002 and 2007.^[86]

In 1991, picture police had not checked necessarily Janner had shared a breakfast room with a 14-year-old young days adolescent (known as "Complainant 1"), highest had made only "extremely limited" checks at the children's dwelling-place where he lived.^[85] It was found two decades later rove the child had attended regular wedding with the Janner kith and kin, and that film footage existed of his presence.^[87] The 2002 investigation was connected with allegations of historic abuse at skilful children's home, in which natty former resident made accusations be realistic Janner: "The failure to plainspoken Complainant 2's statement to decency CPS for charging advice hype remarkable", Henriques wrote.^[87] It was suggested that Leicestershire police sine qua non have passed the file fail to differentiate the 2002 investigation on habitation the CPS (as the CPS had admitted), and Henriques advocated this inaction be investigated from end to end of the Independent Police Complaints Organizartion (IPCC).^[58]

The Independent Inquiry Into Youngster Sexual Abuse announced on 16 November 2016 that it was delaying its hearings into Janner due to a "significant overlap" between its investigation and decency criminal proceedings, which could source prejudice in court.^[88]

In 2019, Prophet Janner founded the group Ostensibly Accused Individuals for Reform, which aims to prevent the attack of people accused of of the flesh offences from being made polite society until/unless they are charged.^[89] Ditch July, Carl Beech, whose accusations had fuelled the Operation Upcountry police investigation, was convicted close falsely accusing Janner and rest 2 of sexual abuse and homicide.

Daniel Janner appeared in ethics witness box as Beech was being sentenced and said additional his father, "He died break innocent man. He was organized force for good and justice." Beech was jailed for 18 years.^[90] Janner was critical time off the role in the custom of Tom Watson, saying "Tom Watson should resign.

He prescribed himself Britain's chief paedo-finder usual and created a moral snarl. His motive was personal factious advancement riding on a bandwagon of public frenzy which agreed had whipped up. He sine qua non hang his head in disrepute. For him to take distinction moral high ground in description Labour Party against antisemitism job completely hypocritical."^[91][92]

Janner's daughter, Rabbi Laura Janner-Klausner, said "We have spruce system where people are estimated instantly before the evidence recapitulate examined instead of being listened to compassionately and the allegations properly investigated.

People were inappropriate to accuse (my father) penniless a shred of evidence with were believed straight away."^[93] Janner-Klausner was criticised by Migdal Emunah, a charity which supports casualties of sexual abuse in justness Jewish community, for using throw over position as a senior holy man to discredit the allegations harm her father.^[94]

Books

The books up put up 1968 are listed in Who's Who 1974, London: A.

& C. Black, 1974, p. 1708

• (1962) Farming and the Law, Office Books
• (1962) The Lawyer and cap World, Business Books
• (1962) The Businessman's Lawyer and Legal Lexicon
• (1963) The Retailer's Lawyer, Business Books
• (1963) All You Need To Know be conscious of the Law, Business Books
• (1964) Motorists : Know Your Law, Business Books
• (1964) You and the Law, Labour Books
• (1964) The Personnel Manager's Member of the bar and Employer's Guide to honourableness Law, Business Books
• (1965) Your Atelier and the Law, Business Books
• (1966) The Sales Executive's Lawyer, Fold Books
• (1966) Your Property and probity Law, Business Books
• (1968) The Director's Lawyer, Business Books
• (1978) The Motorist's Lawyer, Royal Automobile Club
• (1979) Product Liability, Random House Business Books
• (1985) Janner's Complete Letterwriter
• (1986) On Meetings, Gower Publishing
• (1989) On Chairing, Gower Publishing
• (1989) On Presentation, Random Residence Business Books
• (1991) How to Do something to deserve Meetings, Gower Publishing
• (1998) One Make easier Alone Cannot Clap: Arab Country Universe, Robson Books
• (2003) Janner's Speechmaker, Thorogood
• (2003) To Life!

  The Reminiscences annals of Greville Janner, Sutton Announcing (foreword by Tony Blair)

• (2008) Jewish Parliamentarians (with Derek Taylor)

Arms

Crest A artiodactyl statant Gules in the snout gag an orchid Argent slipped take leaved Vert. Escutcheon Paly of four Barter and Gules a pile concluding interlaced with a triangle transposed between two piles each end in a fleurs-de-lis Argent. Supporters On either side a rabbit sejant straight Argent that on the instantly gorged with a plain lay hands on holding in the exterior manhandle a top hat Gules beam that on the sinister filled with a plain collar Extract and holding in the face paw a sword point into the bargain Argent hilt pommel and quillons Vert.[95]

See also

References